Within Ṣalāh.

سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ وَبِحَمْدِكَ وَتَبَارَكَ اسْمُكَ وَتَعَالَى جَدُّكَ وَلَا إِلَٰهَ غَيْرُكَ

Subḥānaka Allāhumma wa biḥamdika, wa tabārakasmuka, wa taʿālā jadduka, wa lā ilāha ghayruk.

Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise. Blessed is Your name and exalted is Your majesty, and there is no god but You.

Opening duʿā recited silently after the opening takbīr and before Sūrah al-Fātiḥah.

اللَّهُمَّ بَاعِدْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ خَطَايَايَ كَمَا بَاعَدْتَ بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ، اللَّهُمَّ نَقِّنِي مِنَ الْخَطَايَا كَمَا يُنَقَّى الثَّوْبُ الْأَبْيَضُ مِنَ الدَّنَسِ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْسِلْ خَطَايَايَ بِالْمَاءِ وَالثَّلْجِ وَالْبَرَدِ

Allāhumma bāʿid baynī wa bayna khaṭāyāya kamā bāʿadta baynal-mashriqi wal-maghrib. Allāhumma naqqinī minal-khaṭāyā kamā yunaqqath-thawbul-abyaḍu minad-danas. Allāhummagh-sil khaṭāyāya bil-māʾi wath-thalji wal-barad.

O Allah, separate me from my sins as You have separated the East from the West. O Allah, cleanse me of my sins as a white garment is cleansed from filth. O Allah, wash away my sins with water, snow, and hail.

An alternative iftitāḥ, especially powerful to use when seeking forgiveness.

سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ

Subḥāna Rabbiyal-ʿAẓīm.

Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great.

The minimum is three times. The Prophet ﷺ would lengthen rukūʿ until it equalled his standing.

سُبْحَانَكَ اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا وَبِحَمْدِكَ، اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي

Subḥānaka Allāhumma Rabbanā wa biḥamdika, Allāhummagh-fir lī.

Glory be to You, O Allah, our Lord, and praise. O Allah, forgive me.

سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ — رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ

Samiʿ Allāhu liman ḥamidah — Rabbanā wa lakal-ḥamdu ḥamdan kathīran ṭayyiban mubārakan fīh.

Allah hears those who praise Him — Our Lord, and Yours is all praise, praise abundant, good, and blessed.

The imām says 'Samiʿ Allāhu liman ḥamidah' while rising; then everyone (including the imām) says 'Rabbanā wa lakal-ḥamd' upon standing straight.

سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى

Subḥāna Rabbiyal-Aʿlā.

Glory be to my Lord, the Most High.

Minimum three times. The Prophet ﷺ lengthened his sujūd the way he lengthened his rukūʿ.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَبِمُعَافَاتِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، لَا أُحْصِي ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ

Allāhumma innī aʿūdhu biriḍāka min sakhaṭika, wa bi-muʿāfātika min ʿuqūbatika, wa aʿūdhu bika minka. Lā uḥṣī thanāʾan ʿalayka anta kamā athnayta ʿalā nafsik.

O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your anger, and in Your pardon from Your punishment, and I seek refuge in You from You. I cannot enumerate Your praise — You are as You have praised Yourself.

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَاجْبُرْنِي وَاهْدِنِي وَارْزُقْنِي

Rabbighfir lī warḥamnī wajburnī wahdinī warzuqnī.

My Lord, forgive me, have mercy on me, strengthen me, guide me, and provide for me.

التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ، أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ

At-taḥiyyātu lillāhi was-ṣalawātu waṭ-ṭayyibāt. As-salāmu ʿalayka ayyuhan-nabiyyu wa raḥmatu Allāhi wa barakātuh. As-salāmu ʿalaynā wa ʿalā ʿibādillāhiṣ-ṣāliḥīn. Ashhadu an lā ilāha illallāhu wa ashhadu anna Muḥammadan ʿabduhū wa rasūluh.

All greetings, prayers, and good words are for Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger.

اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ، اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ

Allāhumma ṣalli ʿalā Muḥammadin wa ʿalā āli Muḥammadin kamā ṣallayta ʿalā Ibrāhīma wa ʿalā āli Ibrāhīm. Innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd. Allāhumma bārik ʿalā Muḥammadin wa ʿalā āli Muḥammadin kamā bārakta ʿalā Ibrāhīma wa ʿalā āli Ibrāhīm. Innaka Ḥamīdun Majīd.

O Allah, send blessings upon Muhammad and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent blessings upon Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim — surely You are Praiseworthy, Glorious. O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim — surely You are Praiseworthy, Glorious.

Recited in the final sitting (al-qaʿdah al-akhīrah) after the Tashahhud.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ، وَمِنْ عَذَابِ جَهَنَّمَ، وَمِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْمَحْيَا وَالْمَمَاتِ، وَمِنْ شَرِّ فِتْنَةِ الْمَسِيحِ الدَّجَّالِ

Allāhumma innī aʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābil-qabr, wa min ʿadhābi jahannam, wa min fitnatil-maḥyā wal-mamāt, wa min sharri fitnatil-masīḥid-dajjāl.

O Allah, I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, from the punishment of Hell, from the trials of life and death, and from the evil of the trial of the False Messiah.

Recite this in the final sitting, after the Ṣalawāt Ibrāhīmiyyah, before giving salām.

اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي ظُلْمًا كَثِيرًا، وَلَا يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوبَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ، فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَغْفِرَةً مِنْ عِنْدِكَ وَارْحَمْنِي، إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ

Allāhumma innī ẓalamtu nafsī ẓulman kathīrā, wa lā yaghfirudhdhunūba illā ant. Faghfir lī maghfiratan min ʿindika warḥamnī, innaka antal-Ghafūrur-Raḥīm.

O Allah, I have greatly wronged myself and none forgives sins except You. So grant me forgiveness and have mercy on me. Surely You are the Oft-Forgiving, the Most Merciful.

أَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ

Astaghfiru Allāh.

I seek forgiveness from Allah.

Said immediately after giving the salām, before moving from the position.

اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ السَّلَامُ وَمِنْكَ السَّلَامُ، تَبَارَكْتَ يَا ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ

Allāhumma antas-salāmu wa minkas-salām, tabārakta yā Dhal-Jalāli wal-Ikrām.

O Allah, You are Peace and from You comes peace. Blessed are You, O Possessor of Majesty and Honor.