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‹Islamic Glossary

Fiqh

فقه

قياس

Qiyās

Definition

Analogy — extending a ruling from a textual case to a new case that shares the same ʿillah (legal cause).

Example

Wine is ḥarām because it intoxicates; by qiyās, all intoxicants are ḥarām — whisky, hashish, modern drugs.

See also

Fiqh›

Ijmāʿ

Consensus of the qualified scholars of the Ummah on a ruling — a binding source when proven.

Fiqh›

Ijtihād

The qualified scholar's effort to derive a ruling from the sources when no clear text is available.

All glossary terms

More in Fiqh

FarḍWājibSunnah (as ruling)MustaḥabbMakrūhḤarāmMubāḥTartībTakhyīrFiqhSharīʿahSunnah (as source)